Unprivileged containers: some code

# coding=utf-8
from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import unicode_literals

import signal

import six
from cffi import FFI

# For clone and related process orientated system calls.
ffi = FFI()
ffi.cdef('''
#define CLONE_NEWCGROUP         0x02000000      /* New cgroup namespace */
#define CLONE_NEWUTS            0x04000000      /* New utsname namespace */
#define CLONE_NEWIPC            0x08000000      /* New ipc namespace */
#define CLONE_NEWUSER           0x10000000      /* New user namespace */
#define CLONE_NEWPID            0x20000000      /* New pid namespace */
#define CLONE_NEWNET            0x40000000      /* New network namespace */
#define CLONE_NEWNS             0x00020000      /* New mount namespace group */

#define CLONE_VM	0x00000100	/* set if VM shared between processes */

#define SIGCHLD     17

int unshare(int flags);

int clone(int (*fn)(void *), void *child_stack,
                 int flags, void *arg, ...
                 /* pid_t *ptid, struct user_desc *tls, pid_t *ctid */ );
''')

libc = ffi.dlopen(None)

STACK_SIZE = 2 * 1024 * 1024


def clone(func, flags=0, *args, **kwargs):
    """
    Wrap the clone system call with a standard python function.

    :param func: The python function to run in the cloned proceses, must accept a
                 single argument.
    :param flags: Flags that get passed into clone().  This SIGCHLD value will be added.
    :return: The process id of the newly created process.
    """

    # clone requires a chunk of memory to use as a stack.  We need a pointer
    # to the end of the memory, since stacks usually grow down.  If you happen
    # to be on an architecture where this is not true, you will have to modify.
    stack = ffi.new('char[]', STACK_SIZE)
    stack_top = stack + STACK_SIZE

    # Have to wrap as a ffi callback function.
    @ffi.callback('int (void *)')
    def _run(_):
        r = func(*args, **kwargs)
        return int_value(r)

    # Note that we don't pass 'arg' via the system call, although we could there is no
    # need to as it is available in the closure formed by _run().
    return libc.clone(_run, stack_top, flags | signal.SIGCHLD, ffi.NULL)


def int_value(r):
	# type: (any) -> int
    """
    The return value has to be an integer.

    If the return already is one, then just return it.

    If it is None, this is the normal return when nothing is returned from a python
    function, so return 0 in this case.

    For anything else, return 1 since it is an error.

    :param r: The original return value from the user defined function.
    :return: Our return value which is always an integer.
    """
    if isinstance(r, int):
        return r
    elif r is None:
        return 0
    else:
        return 1

from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import unicode_literals

import subprocess

import os
import six

from system import libc, clone

# Change this to match the outside uid in /etc/subuid
OUTSIDE_MIN_UID = 300000
OUTSIDE_MIN_GID = 300000  # Same but for group id


class ContainerBase(object):
    """
    A base class to construct a container.

    By itself it creates a new user namespace and can run a user supplied
    function in that environment.

    Subclasses should set the namespace_flags to include the desired
    namespaces, and override setup() to perform requied setup.
    """

    # The namespace flags.  We will set this to a different set of flags
    # in subclasses later in the series.
    namespace_flags = libc.CLONE_NEWUSER  # type: int

    def __init__(self):
        self.pid = None

    def run(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
        """

        :param func: User suplied function to run in the child namespaced process.
        :param args, kwargs: Any arguments for func
        :return: The process id of the new process.
        """

        (rfd, wfd) = os.pipe()

        # We wrap the supplied function so that we can wait until the
        # parent process has setup our environment before calling the
        # user supplied function.
        def _run(*args, **kwargs):
            os.close(wfd)
            os.read(rfd, 1)

            # Now we should be able to set uid=0, gid=0
            os.setuid(0)
            os.setgid(0)

            # Call function for subclasses
            self.setup()

            # Now the function will be run as root inside the namespace
            return func(*args, **kwargs)

        pid = clone(_run, self.namespace_flags, *args, **kwargs)
        self.pid = pid
        os.close(rfd)

        self.setup_user_maps()
        # Signal to the child that we have finished setting up the namespace
        # by closing the pipe, no need to write anything!
        os.close(wfd)
        return pid

    def setup(self):
        """
        Override in subclasses to setup the environment prior to the
        user supplied function being call.  The user and group ids
        have already been set to 0.
        """

    def wait(self):
        if self.pid:
            return os.waitpid(self.pid, 0)

        raise ValueError('No process to wait for')

    def setup_user_maps(self):
        """
        Set up the user and group mappings.

        We are using the newuidmap programs.
        """

        inside_low = 0
        outside_low = OUTSIDE_MIN_UID
        count = 2000

        for cmd in ('uid', 'gid'):
            if cmd == 'gid':
                outside_low = OUTSIDE_MIN_GID
            cmdlist = ['new%smap' % cmd, six.text_type(self.pid)]
            cmdlist.extend([six.text_type(s) for s in (inside_low, outside_low, count)])

            subprocess.call(cmdlist)

# coding=utf-8
import os

from base import ContainerBase
from system import clone, libc


cb = ContainerBase()
cb.run(os.system, 'bash')
cb.wait()